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Green agricultural machinery ushers in business opportunities under the trend of green agriculture
[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] With the increasing environmental problems and people's emphasis on health and safety, green agriculture has received extensive attention in China, and green agriculture has also become an important part of the national supply-side reform. No, that is, pollution-free agricultural products, green foods and organic foods are collectively referred to as green agriculture, but the concept of green agriculture has been greatly extended, not only refers to “three no†foods, rural environmental protection, low pollution and even Zero-pollution agricultural production is also included in the scope of green agricultural machinery. Agricultural machinery is the source of green agriculture, and it is necessary to protect green agriculture. At the same time, green agricultural machinery itself should be green, environmentally friendly, and capable. Sustainable development, green agriculture also has a big opportunity for green agricultural machinery.
1. Green agriculture, support from policies
Green agriculture is based on ecological agriculture, with the production and management of green pollution-free agricultural products as the core, and a new type of agricultural development model combining ecological and social benefits. It is the leading direction of China's agricultural development in the future. Specifically, green agriculture is mainly composed of “three products†(green agricultural products) and supporting green agricultural technology, green agricultural production, green agricultural products market and green marketing.
1. The state has intensively introduced green agricultural support policies
Due to the full consideration of environmental protection and food health, the Chinese government has begun to pay attention to the development of green agriculture in recent years. Starting from 2015, the country has frequently issued a series of support policies for the development of green agriculture. In 2017, several strong efforts were introduced. The landing policy, which indicates that China's green agriculture has entered a specific implementation stage from policy propaganda, and also indicates that green agriculture has changed from concept speculation to real business opportunities.
In this policy document, we should focus on the 2017 Work Plan for Agricultural Mechanization in Promoting Green Development of Agriculture, which is a concrete landing measure for the February 2017 “Notice of the Ministry of Agriculture on Implementing Five Major Actions for Agricultural Green Developmentâ€. The essence and mystery are in the "policy support promotion" and "technical support" two parts.
1 policy support
Highlight the green ecological orientation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, and support the guidance and promotion of green agricultural machinery equipment.
First, since 2017, all the green machinery and equipment such as mature straw, returning to the field, protective tillage, residual film recycling, livestock and poultry manure treatment, fertilization and organic fertilizer preparation, and application of medicines will be fully subsidized and subsidies will be increased. Support strength.
The second is to select 10 provinces to carry out pilot subsidies for new agricultural products, focusing on subsidies for new products that are urgently needed for green development, and fully guiding support for product and technological innovation. Piloting the application of unmanned plant protection aircraft.
The third is to organize the agricultural machinery test and identification system to focus on the identification of green machinery, to supplement the short board, strong ability, speed up the testing and identification of new products, and promote the promotion of new agricultural machinery products.
2 technical specifications
Organize the Agricultural Machinery Extension Station of the Ministry of Agriculture, the agricultural machinery promotion agency of the key provinces, and the national agricultural machinery expert team. Focus on key technologies, carry out comparative experiments, summarize and release a batch of main technical models; strengthen the standard revision and revision, and release a batch of urgently needed industry standards; Selected and launched a number of key equipment.
The first is to carry out investigation and experiment on the application of mechanized farming techniques under the conditions of straw returning to the key areas in Northeast China, and to release a batch of mechanized farming techniques and main propulsion tools for different crops.
The second is to organize mechanization experts in forestry and fruit industry, to carry out research on the mechanization technology of organic fertilizer application such as tea, apple and grape, and to formulate 1-2 mechanized production technical guidance and promote the application of organic fertilizer replacement technology.
The third is to organize experts in feed and aquaculture engineering to carry out special investigations on the reduction of source of manure, such as laying hens, dairy cows, and pigs, and the techniques of dehumidification, on-site collection and transportation, treatment and resource utilization, and the existing mechanization. The technology makes analysis and evaluation, and proposes the corresponding methods of utilization, innovation and promotion of manure resources for different livestock and poultry species.
Fourthly, in Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang and other places, the experimental verification of the agricultural film recycling system with mechanized picking as the core was carried out. The whole solution was proposed around the quality control of agricultural film, the mechanization of agricultural film, and the processing of agricultural film recycling.
The fifth is to organize and revise the industry standards for the application and evaluation of equipment such as straw returning, residual film recycling, livestock and poultry manure.
2. China will form a green agricultural industrial chain
The agricultural developed countries such as Europe, America and Japan have established a green agricultural industrial chain suitable for their own country. The annual output value of green agriculture in the United States exceeds 50 billion US dollars, and China's green agriculture has just started, and it is necessary to build a complete industrial chain suitable for our agricultural development. .
The green agricultural industrial chain and its extension involve the cultivation of improved varieties and harmless cultivation of agriculture (different production standards in the selection and planting process, leading to the main difference between pollution-free food, green food and organic food), harvesting, detection, storage, Transportation, processing, packaging and other processes, so there are many industries and companies involved. We comb the green agricultural industry chain in the flow chart in the table below.
Second, promote green agricultural machinery, tap the business opportunities contained in green agricultural machinery
The 2017 Work Plan for Agricultural Mechanization to Promote Green Development of Agriculture clearly indicated that it is necessary to promote green agricultural mechanization technology innovation and promotion and application, and provide material technical equipment support for the implementation of the five major actions of agricultural green development. According to the "Program" and the "Five Action Plans," we can clearly see it. The Ministry of Agriculture will mainly support the development of the following green agricultural machinery in the future. Here we will do some trend analysis on the market space and development trends of these agricultural machinery.
1. Straw returning and fielding machines
Policy points: Focus on the treatment and utilization of corn stalks, and vigorously promote straw fertilizer, feed, fuel, raw materials, and base materials. Pilot comprehensive utilization of straw in 60 major maize producing counties in Northeast China, actively promoting technologies such as deep-returning fields, harmless anti-corrosion of straw feed and zero-contamination incineration heating, and strive to achieve 80% comprehensive utilization of straw in Northeast China by 2020. Above, the phenomenon of open burning is basically eliminated.
Corresponding green agricultural machinery: straw crushing and returning machine, straw baling machine, straw picking machine, straw storage truck, straw baler, unpacking machine, straw carbonization equipment, no-till seeding machine, etc.
Among them, the tools that need to be focused on are arranged in order of importance: straw balers, straw returning machines, no-till seeders, and clean area seeders. Among them, the cleaning planter should be a strange product for everyone. <Implementation of the Five Action Plan for Agricultural Green Development> Key Work Division Table to understand.
2. Organic fertilizer production and applicator equipment
Policy points: vigorously promote the replacement of chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers, accelerate the utilization of livestock and poultry breeding wastes and crop straw resources, and achieve cost-effectiveness, quality and efficiency. In 2017, 100 key fruit and vegetable tea counties (cities, districts) will be selected to carry out demonstrations, support farmers and new business owners to build and apply organic fertilizers, and promote the use of organic fertilizers in line with production conditions. Focusing on the advantageous production areas and core production areas, we will focus on creating a batch of organic fertilizer substitute and green agricultural production bases (parks) to play a demonstration effect. In 2020, the amount of chemical fertilizer used in the superior production areas of fruit and vegetable tea will be reduced by more than 20%, and the amount of chemical fertilizer used in the core production areas of fruit and vegetable tea and the famous brand production base (park) will be reduced by more than 50%.
Corresponding green agricultural machinery: solid-liquid separator, organic fertilizer production equipment, organic fertilizer transportation equipment, solid fertilizer application equipment, organic fertilizer deep application machine, liquid fertilizer deep application machine, biogas liquid fertilizer application machine, disease-free livestock and poultry pollution-free treatment equipment .
Among them, the tools that need to be paid attention to are ranked according to importance: manure spreader, solid-liquid separator, liquid fertilizer fertiliser, hydraulic body fertilizer deep application machine, disease-free livestock and poultry pollution-free treatment equipment.
According to the requirements of the national environmental protection department, the zero-growth plan for pesticides and fertilizers will be implemented from 2018. The chemical fertilizer is replaced by fertilizer. The special equipment for applying organic fertilizer is the spreader. The current spreader is in its infancy in China, but It is already a very mature product category in foreign countries. At the EIMA exhibition in Germany and the SIMA exhibition in France, we can find that there are many varieties of organic fertilizers in Europe and America, mainly two kinds of equipment: solid fertilizer and fertilizer. Machines, liquid fertilizer fertilisers, liquid fertilizers have soil surface fertilization and deep application, and the equipment also has large, medium and small.
Some domestic enterprises have entered the fertilizer spreader industry, such as Jiangsu Sakura Agricultural Machinery, but most of them are small equipment. Organic fertilizer and solid fertilizer spreader seem to be simple, but it is not easy to be refined, chemicalized and fertilized. At present, domestic enterprises are in the stage of introduction and digestion, and there are still no mature products. In addition, the fertilizer spreaders should also be market-divided according to the types and regions of fertilizers. For example, a certain enterprise in Fujian is a US-produced manure spreader in the US market. It has been used for more than ten years, but when it is used in the southern paddy field in the country, there is a phenomenon of “water and soil dissatisfactionâ€. The reason is that the humidity in the paddy field is large and the fertilization port will be blocked.
Also worthy of attention is the liquid fertilizer spray machine, which is also a mature product in Europe and the United States, but few companies in the country are involved, currently a blank market, domestic users will gradually accept liquid fertilizer, this market segment may It will become a big market with three fertilizers and solid fertilizer.
3. Residual film recycling and processing equipment
Policy points: Focusing on the northwest, focusing on cotton, corn, and potato, the application of thick film, mechanized picking, specialized recycling, and resource utilization will be the main direction, continuous implementation, and comprehensive county management. In Gansu, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia and other regions to build 100 governance demonstration counties, comprehensively promote the use of thick film, promote reduction of substitution; promote the establishment of old-for-new, business entities, professional organization recycling, processing enterprise recycling and other ways of recycling The mechanism is used to pilot the “who produces and recycles†film production responsibility extension system; strive to achieve a recovery rate of more than 80% of agricultural film by 2020, and “white pollution†of farmland is effectively controlled.
Corresponding green agricultural machinery: multi-functional laminating machine, residual film recycling machine, soil cleaning machine, soil repairing machine, thick film recycling machine.
Among them, the tools that need to be focused on are arranged in order of importance: residual film recycling machine and thick film recycling machine.
These two products, the residual film recycling machine, focus on the past and are born to solve historical problems. The crops planted once a year in the northwestern region use mulch every year. The mulch film commonly used by farmers is 0.008 mm and 0.01 mm. The mulch film of 0.008 mm is called “double zero 8†mulch. It is very cheap, but also very thin. After use, most of them are rotten in the ground in the form of fragments. The 0.01 mm is slightly better, but after the season is used up, most of them are left in the form of fragments. Some experts report that the film retention rate in Gansu and Xinjiang is generally 25%, the residual film recycling machine is mainly to solve the residual mulch accumulated in the soil in the past 30 years.
The thick film recycling machine looks to the future. The cultivation of mulch crops is not only in China. It has been used since 50 years ago. There have been white pollution problems in Europe, America and Japan. The main solution they solved was to use thick mulch, so that after the crops were harvested, special ones were used. The machine can completely pick up the mulch and recycle it. Nowadays, the thick film is also being promoted in China. If it is planted on a large scale, if it is to be planted under the film, the film recycling machine must be used. It is recommended that the agricultural machinery enterprise pay attention to the market of thick film recycling equipment. Demand research and machine development.
In 2017, Xinjiang, Gansu, Shaanxi, Ningxia and other northern regions have included the residual film recycling machine in the agricultural machinery subsidy catalogue. The subsidy amount ranges from 1,000 to 10,000 yuan. On May 17, 2017, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the Agricultural Film Recovery Action. The program supports residual membrane recycling and reuse.
4, precision, variable spraying, fertilizing machine
Policy points: From 2017, all the green implements such as fertilization and pesticide application will be subsidized and the subsidy will be increased. The 10 provinces will be selected to carry out pilot subsidies for new agricultural products, and the pilot application of unmanned plant protection aircraft will be launched. Intelligent and fine production of vegetables, intelligent and fine production management of modern orchards; "Key Work Division Table": Promote the integrated application of pesticides, reduction and application of comprehensive technologies, and organize industry experts to carry out research on the development of paddy field self-propelled boom application technology and intelligent equipment. To propose solutions for the application of key technologies such as electrostatic spray and intelligent variable spray; organize research on the status and needs of paddy plant protection technology and equipment, conduct demonstration demonstrations of paddy plant protection machinery and plant protection drones; organize research and development of light plant protection machinery selection, The whole process of mechanized demonstration provinces (municipalities and counties) will be carried out to carry out on-site demonstration demonstrations of light plant protection machinery and drone plant protection, promote the promotion and application of advanced and applicable plant protection machinery, and promote the reduction of pesticides and efficiency.
Corresponding green agricultural machinery: large-scale spray machine, electrostatic mist spray machine, precision variable spray machine, plant protection unmanned aircraft, water and fertilizer integrated machine, water and medicine integrated machine, water and fertilizer integrated machine.
The machines that need to be focused on are ranked by importance: large sprayers, plant protection unmanned aircraft, electrostatic misters, precision variable sprayers.
In China, the overall level of agricultural mechanization has reached 63% in 2015. Among them, the three key aspects of wheat cultivation basically achieved mechanization in the whole process, the mechanization rate was as high as 95%, and rice and corn reached 85% and 75% respectively. In the agricultural plant protection sector, it is the short-board of agricultural machinery. According to statistics, the current level of agricultural machinery in the plant protection sector is only 35%.
Focus on plant protection unmanned aircraft here. The plant protection unmanned aircraft entered the agricultural machinery field, the concept of speculation to hundreds of companies swarming into the country, this year the country officially recognized and entered the subsidy catalog, experienced a ups and downs, the current development into an industry, and there are more than a dozen The listed companies are deeply involved. After five years of development, the products are also becoming more practical. The plant-based unmanned aircraft of Shenzhen Feifei Technology even entered the Japanese market. It is expected that the plant protection aircraft in 2018 will hope to enter the national agricultural machinery subsidy catalogue and will do Focus on green agricultural machinery is being promoted.
In recent years, the area of ​​domestic arable land has remained basically stable. In 2015, it was 2.025 billion mu. According to CITIC Securities research report: from the practical experience, crop plant protection in the North and Central Plains is sprayed 3-5 times a year, 5-7 times in the south. The economic crops can be as high as 11 times, and the service cost per acre is 10-20 yuan. If the domestic cultivated land area is still maintained at about 2 billion mu in the next few years, the average number of plant protections will be 4 times per year, and the average cost per acre will be averaged. 15 times, if the plant protection penetration rate is from 10% to 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% from small to large, the ideal result is the market scale of 60 billion per year, and the pessimistic view is also 12 billion yuan. Sexually seeing 36 billion is very credible.